Vaporizer type oil burner



Dec. 12, 1950 s. c. TOWAR VAPORIZER TYPE OIL BURNER INVENTOR. F 5c0rr C- TOWAR Filed March 15, 1945 ATTORNEYS Patented Dec. 12, 1950 Umrso srares PATENT OFFICE 2,533,854 VAPORIZER TYPE OIL BURNER Scott 0. Tower, Burbank, Calif.

Application March 13, 1945, Serial No. 582,498

' The present invention relates to improvements in an oil burner, and it consists of the combinations, constructions and arrangements hereinafter described and claimed.

An object of my invention is to provide an oil burner for heating purposes in which the parts are so arranged that when they are properly placed or housed in a space heating unit with an outside stack, a natural air draft is created that carries a flame from the point of combustion around a fuel oil generating tube. This action preheats the fuel oil prior to combustion, vaporizing and gasifying it before it reaches the nozzle. The gas produced from the fuel oil burns in a steady flame.

A further object of my invention is to provide a device of the type described which may be quickly applied to a furnace or other device to be heated. The device makes use of gravity or pressure feeding for the oil. The burner utilizes the power generated from the fuel oil it heats and turns the fuel oil into a gas for causing the burner to function without applying any other auxiliary power to condition or preheat the fuel oil before burning.

Other objects and advantages will appear in the following specification, and the novel features of the device will be particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

My invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawing forming a part of this application, in which:

Figure 1 is a side perspective view of the device;

Figure 2 is a front end perspective view;

Figure 3 is a longitudinal section through the device taken substantially along the line t3 of Figure 2; and

Figure 4 is a transverse section taken along the line 4--4 of Figure 3.

While I have shown only the preferred form of my invention, it should be understood that various changes or modifications may be made within the scope of the appended claims without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

In carrying out my invention I provide an oil burner having a fire box housing indicated generally at A. The fire box housing has two fire box tube outlets B and C, disposed on opposite sides of the housing A and communicating therewith through openings i, see Figure 3. A draft tube D is received in the housing A and Figure 3 shows the tube having exterior threads 2 at one'end, these threads screwing into interior threads 3 whereby the tube D is secured to the housing A. The tubeDhasanopenentrance end 4 for air.

5 Glairns. (Cl. 158-65) Ill Within the housing A and draft tube D I mount an oil vapor generating tube E of considerably smaller diameter than the tube D. The tube E extends through a bushing 5 mounted in the closed end 6 of the housing A. The front end of the tube E is spaced just inside of the air inlet opening 4 and a coupling 1 connects the front end with a pipe elbow 8. A burner nozzle F is secured to the elbow 8 and has an orifice 9 that faces toward the interior of the tube D and extends partly into the opening 4, It will be noted from Figure 3 that the orifice 9 is positioned under the tube E and above a composition plate ID that is used to ignite oil held on the plate, the ignited oil creating sufficient heat to cause the generating tube E to vaporize and gasify the fuel oil contained therewithin.

The rear of the tube E has a coupling l l which connects a pipe l2 to the tube. The pipe, in turn, is connected by means of an elbow I3 to a fuel supply pipe [4. Oil may be fed to the pipe [4 by gravity or under pressure.

From the foregoing description of the various parts of the device, the operation thereof may be readily understood.

The oil burner may be properly placed or housed in a space heating unit that has an outside stack. When starting the operation of the oil burner, the composition clay plate I!) has some drops of oil applied thereto and this is accomplished by opening the valve l5 on the pipe It for allowing a small quantity of oil to bleed from the orifice 9 and drop upon the plate it. The valve is then closed and the oil on the plate is ignited.

The flame from the oil will envelope the end of the generating tube E disposed nearest the coupling l and the oil nearest the nozzle F will be vaporized first and will issue from the orifice 9 and become ignited by the flame from the compo sition plate Ill. The natural draft will carry the flame along the outer surface of the generator tube E and will pass out through the tube outlets B and C as shown by the arrows in Figure 1. The flame in passing through the tube D envelopes the tube E and this will soon increase the temperature of the tube E to a point where complete gasifying of the vapor will take place. The gas thus produced from the fuel oil will burn in a steady flame. The size of the name can be regulated by the amount the valve 15 is opened. As soon'as the" gas starts to issue from the orifice 9, the operatoropens the valve [5 to the desired extent to allowthe oil toflow into the vaporizing chamber or tube E. A

.Itis apparent that: (1) the point of combus tion or ignition of the fuel oil is directly in front of any fuel oil container, tube or generator so that the fuel is initially vaporized and then gasified; and (2) the natural draft in the burner will carry the flame from the point of combustion along the length of a fuel generator for generating gas from the fuel prior to the gas reaching the jet orifice.

An oilburner using this principle of causing the natural draft to carry the fiame from the jet orifice along the fuel generator to be preheated, generates gas from the fuel with practically the same results as the more expensive oil burners that use some sort of mechanical power source for vaporization. Two oil generating tubes can be used if a larger quantity of gas is needed. The generating tubes may be of different sizes, and shapes.

The draft tube and fire box are so designed that the heat is confined to a small area through which the fire passes. Any unburned gases escaping from the jet are ignited by the flames before they escape from the fire box. A practically complete combustion of all gases of com bustion takes place in the burner unitbefore the gases reach the space heating unit in which the burner is housed. The device can burn kerosene, distillate or Diesel oil. It will be noted from the drawings that the combined cross-sectional areas of the passageways defined by the outlet tubes B and C is considerably larger than the cross-sectional area of the air inlet l of the draft tube D. The combustion chamber is in the fire box housing A, although combustion takes place through the entire burner assembly. The wall, of the combustion chamber becomes highly heated from the burning fuel vapor and radiates heat to insure practically complete burnin of all cas of. mbustion in the burner unit. The. term housing, as used in the appended claims, includes both the housing A and the draft tube D.

Iclaim:

1. An oil burner comprising a housing having an open and, a, closed end, said housing being unrestricted in the direction of said closed end, out

let: tubes communcating with, the housing adjae cent to the closed end and on opposite sides. of the housing, an oil vapor generating tube, disposed within and spaced from the housing wall, said tube extending throughout the, length cf, the housing and projecting through the closed hous ing end, means for feeding oil to the oil) vapor generating tube, and a burner jet communicating with the oil vapor generating tube end dis,- posed closest to, the open end of the housing, said jet directing a flame into the housing, the housing and outlet tubes creating a natural draft for carrying the flame directly against the. oil. vapor generating tube and along the length thereof,

whereby the fuel in the oil vapor generating tube is vaporized and gasified before reaching the jet:

2. An oil burner comprising a housing having an open and a closed end, said housing being unrestricted in the direction of said closed end, outlet. tubes communicating with the housing ad- .l'acent to the closed end and onopposite sides of the housing, an oilvapor generating tube; disnosed within and spaced from the housing wall...

fuel in the oil vapor generating tube is vaporized V and gasified before reaching the jet, said jet being positioned under the oil vapor generating tube Wall, and a plate placed in the housing directly under the jet and adapted to receive a small fuel portion which may be ignited for initially heating the oil vapor generating tube for vaporizing the fuel oil.

3. In combination, a horizontally-disposed housing having an air inlet end and a closed end, said housing being unrestricted in the direction of said closed end, a pair of vertically-extending outlet tubes communicating with the sides of the housing adjacent to the closed housing end, a tubular oil vaporizer extending longtiudinally through the housing from the open housing end and. projecting through the closed housing end, a jet communicating with the'tubular oil vaporizer end disposed adjacent to the open housing end and being positioned below the tubular oil vaporizer and facing so as to direct a flame into the housing and a ainst the tubular oil vaporizer, and means for feeding oil to the tubular oil vaporizer end projecting through the closed housing end.

4., In combination, a, horizontally-disposed housing having an air inlet end and; a closed end, said housing being unrestricted in the iiirection of said closed end, a pair of vertically extending outlet tubes communicating with the sides of the housing adjacent to the closed housing end, a tubular oil vaporizer extending longitudinally through the housing from the open housing end and projecting through the closed housing end, a jet communicating with the. tubular oil vaporizer end disposed adjacent to the open, housing end and being positioned below the tubularoil vaporizer andv facing so as: to direct a flame. into. the housing, means for feeding oil to the tubular oil vaporizer end projecting through the closed housing end, and an oil-receiving plate placed in the housing and under the jet, and

adapted to receive a small fuel portion which may be ignited for initially heating the tubular oil vaporizer for vaporizing the fuel oil.

5. An oil burner comprising a housingclosed at one end and having an air entrance at the other end, said housing being unrestricted in the direction of said one end, and a fuel vaporizing tube extending into the housing from the closed end, the front end of the vaporizing tube being turned and having a jet disposed at the air entrance to the housing and facing toward the closed end, said housing having outlet tubes communicating therewith adjacent to the closed'end, the comined cross-sectional areas of the passageways of the outlet tubes being considerably larger than the area of the air entrance of the 'housing, thereby accommodating the gases of combustion as they expand while passing through the housing, the space disposed between the air entrance of the housing and the outlet tubes constituting the combustion chamber whose Wall radiates heat during the operation of the burner to insure practically completev burning of all of the gases of combustion within the burner.

SCOTT C. TOWAR;

(References on following" page)" REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date Martin Feb. 19, 1884 Young Nov. 22, 1887 Calder Oct. 22, 1889 Wood 1- Jan. 16, 1894 Snowden Dec. 5, 1899 Falkenwalde Dec. 9, 1902 Number 10 Number Name Date Caldwell Nov. 25, 1919 Widhelm Jan. 27, 1920 Knight Sept. 20, 1921 Kittel Jan. 2, 1940 Turpin July 21, 1942 Ursutz Oct. 23, 1945 FOREIGN PATENTS Country Date Sweden Jan. 17, 1917 

